Rural Conservation Practices
The science assessment done in conjunction with development of the Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy (NRS) identified effective nutrient reduction practices in three categories, including: edge-of-field/erosion control; nutrient management - nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P); and in field/land use. The science assessment also identified benefits and limitations, and developed estimated costs for practice adoption.
The list of nutrient reduction practices could be very long when considering variations and combinations of practices. The practices listed here are based on research and are those that have the greatest potential to make a significant impact on reducing the loss of nitrogen (nitrates) and phosphorus (phosphates) into the water supply. These practices are applicable to large portions of Iowa.
Note: Some practices listed below impact only nitrogen or phosphorus, while some impact both. This is indicated by the inclusion of N or P in the practice titles.
Edge-of-Field Conservation Practices
Edge-of-field and erosion control technologies provide opportunities to remove nitrate (N) & phosphorus (P) from water leaving production fields.
Bioreactor (N)
Saturated Buffer (N,P)
Wetlands (N,P)
Stream Buffer (N,P)
Drainwater Management (N)
Shallow Drainage (N)
Grassed Waterway (P)
Terrace (P)
In-Field/Land Use Conservation Practices
Land use options physically change nitrogen (N) & phosphorus (P) dynamics by changing vegetative cover.
Perennial Crops (N,P)
Extended Crop Rotation (N,P)
Land Retirement (CRP) (N,P)
Row-Crop to Pasture (N,P)
Wetlands (CREP) (N,P)
Nutrient Management
Nutrient management practices focus on the most effective or efficient use of nitrogen (N) & phosphorus (P).
Cover Crops (N,P)
Nutrient Source (N,P)
Sidedressing (N)
Spring-Applied Nitrogen (N)
Nitrification Inhibitor (N)
Nitrogen Application Rate (MRTN) (N)
Soil-Test P (P)
P Placement (P)
Site-Specific P Management (P)
Tillage (P)
General Management Resources - 4Rs Nutrient Stewardship
Nutrient Management Best Management Practices - Iowa State University Extension
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